[1] Northeastern Univ, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China
[2] Harbin Engn Univ, Corros & Protect Lab, Key Lab Superlight Mat & Surface Technol, Minist Educ, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China
[3] Univ Leeds, Inst Funct Surfaces, Sch Mech Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, England