Cutting-edge developments in perovskite solar cells: The role of dimensional and mixed-dimensional engineering

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are more advantageous than traditional solar cell technologies in terms of efficiency, cost, flexibility, absorption characteristics, and application possibilities. This extensive review explores new developments in PSCs, with a special emphasis on their multifaceted features. This comprehensive review covers the most recent developments in PSCs, focusing on the multidimensional spectrum. This includes mixdimensional integrations such as 0D/3D, 1D/3D, and 2D/3D configurations, as well as zero-dimensional (0D) to three-dimensional (3D) architectures. Power conversion efficiency (PCE), long-term stability, and open-circuit voltage (V-OC) of PSCs have all been significantly increased as a result of researchers' successful tailoring of perovskite material properties through sophisticated techniques like interface engineering, passivation strategies, and precise crystal growth control. This has significantly improved PSCs' power conversion efficiency (PCE), long-term stability, and open-circuit voltage (V-OC). In addition, this review thoroughly examines current advancements, difficulties, and potential future developments for perovskite-based solar cells, greatly expanding our knowledge and promoting the creation of high-efficiency PSCs that can completely transform photovoltaic performance.