Questionnaire-Based Study on the Knowledge of Cervical Cancer and Attitude and Perception Toward Self-Sampling Method of Screening, Among Women in Sikkim, India

Background Cervical cancer (CC) is the second most common cancer among women in India and in Sikkim. Screening helps in prevention and early detection of the disease; however, pelvic examination for smear collection is not preferred by many. Self-sampling method can be a good alternative for collection of smears, thus increasing screening uptake. Therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate perception about self-sampling method of screening among women in Sikkim. Methodology A total of 210 women who consented for this study were screened for cervical cancer using Pap smear and HPV DNA. Women were taught to collect their self-sample for HPV DNA test. Questionnaires were used to assess their attitude toward self-sampling prior to collection of samples and perception, post-collection. Results Seventy-percent women knew that CC is the most common cancer among women in Sikkim. 73% knew that it could be prevented, but only 57% had knowledge about screening facilities in Sikkim. 50% women knew about HPV vaccination program in Sikkim. 96% women had never done a self-sampling, while 67% had never heard about it. There was a significant change (p value < 0.00001) in perception toward self-sampling after the procedure. Comparative analysis showed that women found self-collection easier than expected. If they had a choice, they would prefer self-sampling over physician sampling; however, due to their trust in physicians they still believed physician collected sample would be better. Conclusion Self-sampling is a socially acceptable screening technique and can increase compliance among socially shy community.