Evaluation of the temperature adaptation of three rubber tree pest mites based on their two-sex life table

To determine the optimal temperature range for the development and reproduction of three spider mites (Eotetranychus sexmaculatus, Eotetranychus orientalis, and Oligonychus biharensis), this study investigated their developmental period, survival rate, lifespan, and reproduction under five temperatures, 21, 24, 27, 30, and 33 degrees C, to predict and control in the field. With the gathered data, a two-sex life table was constructed for each of them. The results revealed that as the temperature increased, both O. biharensis and E. orientalis displayed a gradual reduction in their generation period. Furthermore, an inverse relationship was observed between lifespan and temperature for all three spider mite species. When examining the survival rates at varying temperatures, E. sexmaculatus exhibited the highest rate (98%) at 33 degrees C, while E. orientalis and O. biharensis demonstrated their highest survival rates at 24 degrees C, reaching 90% and 100% respectively. Regarding reproduction, O. biharensis displayed the highest oviposition rates at 30 degrees C with an average of 17.45 eggs per individual. Conversely, E. sexmaculatus and E. orientalis exhibited the highest oviposition rates at 33 degrees C, averaging at 15.22 and 21.38 eggs per individual respectively. Significantly higher intrinsic growth rates were observed for O. biharensis and E. orientalis at 33 degrees C, with rates of 0.22 and 0.26 respectively. In contrast, E. sexmaculatus demonstrated the highest intrinsic growth rate at 27 degrees C. The temperature of 27 degrees C was more suitable for the growth of the E. sexmaculatus, while 33 degrees C was the optimal temperature for the E. orientalis and O. biharensis. The current findings provide valuable guidance for the control and prevention of these three spider mites. 27 degrees C is the more suitable temperature for the population growth of E. sexmaculatus, while 33 degrees C is the optimal temperature for the E. orientalis and O. biharensis.image Temperature significantly affects the growth, development, and reproduction of rubber tree pests; different species of leaf mites have different optimum temperature requirements for population growth.