A retrospective study of arthroscopic treatment for patients with bordline developmental dysplasia of the hip

Purpose Hip arthroscopy is effective in treating bordline developmental dysplasia of the hip (BDDH), but there are only a few clinical reports in China, and its postoperative failure rate is still a problem that cannot be ignored. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical effect of hip arthroscopy in BDDH treatment in China and to explore the risk factors influencing the efficacy of hip arthroscopy in BDDH treatment. Methods All of 22 cases of BDDH treated with arthroscopy in our hospital from November March 2017 to February 2022 were analyzed retrospectively, including ten males and 12 females, with an average age of 34.7 +/- 9.5 years (19-53 years). All patients underwent arthroscopic treatment with acetabular plasty, labral repair, femoral osteoplasty, and capsular plication. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), modified Harris Hip Scores (mHHS), Hip Outcome Score-activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL) and International Hip Outcome Tool-12 (iHOT-12) were measured before operation and at the follow-up, and statistical analysis was performed. The Minimum clinically significant difference (MCID) and Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) were also obtained. Results 22 patients were followed up, and the follow-up time was >= one year, with an average of 21.4 +/- 8.2 months. The VAS score decreased from 5.27 +/- 1.58 points before surgery to 1.96 +/- 0.92 points at the follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant (t = 9.05,P < 0.001). The mHHS score increased from 64.84 +/- 13.58 points before surgery to 90.4 +/- 10.11 points at the follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-7.07, P < 0.001). The HOS-ADL score increased from 68.92 +/- 11.76 points before surgery to 88.91 +/- 9.51 points at the follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-8.15,P < 0.001). The iHOT-12 score increased from 49.32 +/- 12.01 points before surgery to 79.61 +/- 15.89 points at the follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-7.66,P < 0.001). The MCID (mHHS) and MCID (HOS-ADL) were 81.8% and 77.3% respectively, and the PASS (mHHS) and PASS (HOS-ADL) were 86.4% and 72.7% respectively at the follow-up. Conclusion Hip arthroscopy can achieve good short-term outcomes in the treatment of BDDH.