Smart Irrigation System for Orchards Apple Trees based on Fuzzy Logic and WSNs

Irrigation in arid regions and during periods of inadequate rainfall is essential for the growth of agricultural crops. The irrigation process entails supplying water to agricultural areas in a meticulously calculated manner. This ensures that the soil receives an appropriate amount of water to maintain the necessary moisture content for optimal plant growth. Most irrigation in tree fruit orchards is traditionally applied based on the grower's experience or simple observations, which may result in either over- or under-irrigation. Smart irrigation technology operates on the basis of an automated scheduling program and an automatic electronic operating system that utilizes sensors to determine the water needs of cultivated plants based on agricultural seasons and crop types. The objective of this paper was to develop an advanced system for managing and supervising irrigation processes, utilizing fuzzy logic and wireless sensor networks (WSN). The comprehensive control of the proposed system was achieved through the integration of Arduino Uno. This system aims to determine the optimal timing for irrigation and the precise watering dosage that will enhance optimal crop response while ensuring judicious use of resources. The system also enables the display of results using an Android application.