Luminescent lanthanide metallopeptides for biomolecule sensing and cellular imaging

Lanthanide ions display unique luminescent properties that make them particularly attractive for the development of bioprobes, including long-lived excited states that allow the implementation of time-gated experiments and the elimination of background fluorescence associated with biological media, as well as narrow emission bands in comparison with typical organic fluorophores, which allow ratiometric and multiplex assays. These luminescent complexes can be combined with peptide ligands to endow them with additional targeting, responsiveness, and selectivity, thus multiplying the opportunities for creative probe design. In this feature article we will present some of the main strategies that researchers have used to develop lanthanide metallopeptide probes for the detection of proteins and nucleic acids, as well as for monitoring enzymatic activity and cellular imaging. Lanthanide ions display unique luminescent properties, such as long-lived excited states and relatively narrow emission bands, that make them particularly attractive for the development of bioprobes in combination with peptides.