The impact of auditory, visual and touch cueing on doble task performance in Parkinson's Disease - a systematic review

Objective: To characterize, through a systematic review, the influence of different types of cues (auditory, visual, tactile) on dual-task performance in Parkinson's Disease. Methodology: The primary search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct databases. The studies were included according to the following eligibility criteria: (i) articles published in scientific journals; (ii) published in the last 10 years; (iii) written in Portuguese, Spanish and English; (iv) with the inclusion of participants with Parkinson's disease, even if in mixed groups, but with specific data on dual-task performance; (v) with a description of a dual-task intervention. Results: 13 articles were included in this systematic review: 5 of good quality, 7 of reasonable quality, and one of poor quality. There was a greater use of visual cues in 6 studies; 3 studies with auditory cues; 2 with tactile cues and 2 with audio-visual cues. Regarding dual tasking: 8 studies performed dual cognitive tasking, 2 performed dual motor tasking, and 3 performed both. Only 3 studies used measures of correlation between cues and dual-task performance. The present review demonstrates that cues (visual and motor) improve the spatiotemporal characteristics of gait in Parkinson's disease and that dual tasking, on the other hand, represents a greater demand in movement planning. Conclusion: This systematic review identified a significant variability in the methodologies used. Visual cues stand out for their more frequent use in Parkinson's Disease. Overall, the use of lanes seems to increase performance