Effects of gossypol acetate on growth, serum biochemical parameters, and intestinal health of goslings

Free gossypol ( FG ), the primary antinutritional component in cottonseed meal, can adversely affect the growth and health of poultry. Although younger geese are particularly sensitive to FG, the precise effects of FG on geese remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the effects of gossypol acetate ( GA ), a form of FG, on the growth, serum biochemical parameters, and intestinal health of goslings. Seventytwo healthy male goslings, aged 7-day-old with similar body weight ( BW ), were randomly divided into 3 groups: a control group and 2 GA-treated groups (GA25 and GA50), which were orally administered GA (25 and 50 mg/kg BW) daily for 14 d. The results showed that oral administration of GA significantly suppressed BW, altered serum parameters, and impaired intestinal health in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Specifically, GA adversely affected intestinal morphology, induced oxidative stress, and inflammation, diminished immune function, and increased intestinal permeability and apoptosis of intestinal cells, consequently impairing nutrient absorption and utilization of goslings. Overall, these data indicate that GA adversely affects the growth, serum parameters, and intestinal health of goslings, providing valuable information further to understand the toxic effects of gossypol on goslings.