Development and Application of Reverse Transcription Nanoplate-Based Digital PCR Assay for Sensitive and Accurate Detection of Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus in Cereal Crops

The emergence of rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) poses a significant threat to global cereal crop cultivation, necessitating the urgent development of reliable detection and quantification techniques. This study introduces a reliable approach for the precise and sensitive quantification of the RBSDV in cereal crop samples, employing a reverse transcription digital polymerase chain reaction (RT-dPCR) assay. We assessed the specificity and sensitivity of the RT-dPCR assay proposed for precise RBSDV detection and quantification. Our findings demonstrate that RT-dPCR was specific for detection of RBSDV, with no cross-reactivity observed with other viruses infecting cereal crops. The RT-dPCR sensitivity was over 10 times that of RTquantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The detection limit of RT-dPCR was 0.096 copies/mu l. In addition, evaluation of RT-dPCR assay with field samples was conducted on 60 different cereal crop samples revealed that RTdPCR (45/60) exhibited superior accuracy compared with RT-qPCR (23/60). In this study, we present a specific and accurate RT-dPCR assay for the detection and quantification of RBSDV.