Interventions to improve independence in basic and instrumental activities of daily living in individuals with myelomeningocele: an literature review

Objective: This research reviews current evidence on occupational therapy interventions for promoting independence in activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living in individuals with Myelomeningocele. Method: The PRISMA criteria were adopted and, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Lilacs, Scielo, PEDro and OTseeker were searched, using the descriptors spinal dysraphism, spina bifida and myelomeningocele associated with rehabilitation, independence, activities of daily living and occupational therapy. Results: Of the 523 articles found, 19 met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Of these, 18 were interventions and one a review, resulting in the selection of 18 studies. A quantitative and descriptive analysis revealed that the highest number of published studies were camp-based intervention, Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance and Two- Step Integrative Education Program and Mobile Health and Rehabilitation system. The camp-based interventions, CO-OP and occupation-based therapy showed increased independence of the participants. Conclusion: This review presented a synthesis of interventions aimed at improving independence in ADLs and IADLs in people with MMC, their theoretical frameworks and common elements that favor effectiveness.