Epigallocatechin gallate protects against fat and muscle atrophy in B16BL6 melanoma-bearing mice on a high-fat diet

Aims: Epidemiological evidence indicates that there is a substantial association between body mass index (BMI) and at least ten forms of cancer, including melanoma, and BMI imbalance contributes to the poor survival rate of cancer patients before and after therapy. Nevertheless, few pharmacological studies on models of obesity and cancer have been reported. In this study, we administered epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to B16BL6 tumorbearing mice that received a high-fat diet (HFD) to examine its impact. Methods: B16BL6 tumor-bearing mice were fed a HFD. Body weight and food intake were documented every week. We conducted a Western blot analysis to examine the protein levels in the tumor, gastrocnemius (GAS), and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles, as well as the inguinal and epididymal white adipose tissues (iWAT and eWAT). Key findings: EGCG has been shown to have anti-cancer effects equivalent to those of cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug. Furthermore, EGCG protected against the loss of epidydimal white adipose tissue by regulating protein levels of lipolysis factors of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase as well as WAT browning factors of uncoupling protein 1, as opposed to cisplatin. EGCG was shown to reduce the protein levels of muscular atrophy factors of muscle RING-finger protein -1, whereas cisplatin did not contribute to rescuing the atrophy of TA and GAS muscles. Conclusion: Taken together, our findings indicate that EGCG has a preventive effect against cachexia symptoms and has anti-cancer effects similar to those of cisplatin in tumor-bearing mice fed a high-fat diet.