Necrotizing Fasciitis Co-existing With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report of a Diagnostic Dilemma

Necrotizing fasciitis is an uncommon yet highly dangerous bacterial infection characterized by rapid spread along the fascial planes and subcutaneous tissue, leading to extensive tissue necrosis and often resulting in death. The swift progression of necrosis can induce systemic sepsis, toxic shock syndrome, and multi-organ failure. While necrotizing fasciitis of the neck is rare, it typically originates from dental or pharyngeal sources. Successful treatment hinges on early diagnosis, appropriate antibiotic therapy, and surgical intervention for tissue debridement. This article presents the case of a 40-year-old individual with necrotizing fasciitis of the neck. We herein review the clinical features, pathogenesis, and treatment approach for the case. Rapid recovery necessitated comprehensive medical treatment targeting the underlying cause with aggressive supportive measures. Surgical intervention involved thorough debridement to remove necrotic tissue, irrigation with antiseptic solutions, and early application of topical antimicrobials.