Effects of four kinds of improver on fermentation characteristics of gluten-free rice dough

Rice is commonly utilized as a wheat bread substitute due to its low allergenicity. However, rice bread faces challenges in processing efficiency and the formation of a cohesive gel network structure, resulting in suboptimal taste Hence, this study compared four improvers-trypsin, whey protein (WPC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), and molecularly distilled monoglycerides (GMSs). The impacts of the four improvers on the processing attributes of rice dough were comprehensively assessed across fermentation, moisture content analysis, rheology, heat stability, and pasting characteristics. The findings indicated that the incorporation of trypsin, HPMC, and WPC resulted in 107%, 61%, and 1% increases in gas production of fermented rice dough, respectively, while reducing the regrowth values to 564.00 +/- 7.21, 176.67 +/- 0.58, and 611.00 +/- 3.61 cP. Notably, the air-holding capacity of HPMC-fermented rice dough exhibited a 7% enhancement. All four types of improvers raised the enthalpy of melting (Delta H) and the difference in melting point (Delta T) of fermented rice doughs, with trypsin enhancing Delta H by 44% and Delta T by 40%. GMS, HPMC, and WPC increased the degree of water incorporation in fermented doughs. This study could serve as a benchmark for enhancing the fermentation attributes of rice dough and establish a groundwork for the future advancement of gluten-free dietary options.