Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia with Complicated Offending Vessel Involving Trigeminocerebellar Artery: 2-Dimensional Operative Video

Microvascular decompression (MVD) is a well-established and definitive treatment option for trigeminal neuralgia (TN).(1) However, complex vascular geometry and numerous offending vessels make it difficult to perform nerve decompression in certain cases.(2) The trigeminocerebellar artery (TCA) is a unique branch of the basilar artery. The vessel is named the TCA because it supplies both the trigeminal nerve root and the cerebellar hemisphere.(3) This anatomical variant may increase the risk of neurovascular compression in the trigeminal nerve. We present the case of a 74-year-old man with left TN in whom a TCA was one of the responsible compression vessels. Preoperative images revealed the ipsilateral anterior inferior cerebellar artery, welldeveloped TCA, and superior cerebellar artery, wherein these branches were all suspected to be involved in trigeminal nerve compression. In MVD, 3 arteries were suspected to compress the trigeminal nerve in 5 sites, and all of them needed to be meticulously dissected from the nerve root and decompressed. Moreover, 2 of them branched many short perforators to the brainstem. Three decompression procedures (transposition to the dura, transposition to the brain, and interposition) were performed to decompress the trigeminal nerve. Postoperatively, TN was completely resolved immediately. MVD for TN could be difficult to perform in cases with TCA, as in the present case, and rigorous procedures were required intraoperatively.