Learning Analytics Frameworks: A Review of Challenges and Practices in Higher Education

Despite substantial attention, adoption of learning analytics by higher education institutions remained limited. The goal of this reseach was to analyze common challenges and practices for development and adoption of learning analytics in higher education present in learning analytics frameworks. In this context, framework is defined as a structured conceptualization that can help describe, understand, and/or implement learning analytics. The study combines systematic literature review with inductive content analysis. Categories of challenges were related to Stakeholders, Data, Infrastructure, and Ethics. The most common practice categories were Assessment and feedback; LA tools & deployment; Curriculum development & learning design.