Risk-averse stochastic scheduling of hydrogen-based flexible loads under 100% renewable energy scenario

The development of 100% renewable energy (RE) systems provides a viable solution for achieving the global target of carbon neutrality. To support the reliable and economical operation of RE -based local energy networks, this paper presents a joint scheduling model for grid -scale RE generation and hydrogen -based flexible loads. The direct load control (DLC) through hydrogen -electrical microgrids is analytically modeled for leveraging the intrinsic flexibility of demand -side multi -energy synergy. To handle the uncertainty and volatility of RE generation, a risk -averse stochastic programming method with the receding -horizon mechanism is developed. Also, the power balancing cost in scheduling objectives is represented as a conditional value -atrisk (CVaR) measure to control the risks of fully RE supply. Case studies on an exemplary RE system confirm the effectiveness and economic benefits of the proposed method. The hydrogen -enabled DLC can largely mitigate the supply-demand mismatches, which shows a great potential to facilitate 100% RE scenarios.