Standardization and optimization of concentration of different mordants on the dyeing efficiency of Lawsonia inermis (Henna) on silk fibre

The natural dye henna usually being recognized as lawsone is a red-orange pigment that has long been used for the coloration of skin and hair as well as textile materials. This natural colorant garners the attention of researchers throughout the globe for the coloration of textile materials due to the fact that its color can easily be harmonized with nature. In the current study, concentration of different mordants (ferrous sulphate, alum, copper sulphate, and citric acid) were standardized on silk fibre using henna dye. To obtain the results, the study was divided into two experiments. The dyed fibre samples were analyzed for absorbance, color coordinates color strength, and color fastness properties. In experiment-I, standardization of different mordants at different concentrations were done while dye percentage was kept constant at 15%. Based on colour and acceptability results, ferrous sulphate at 2 and 4% was selected. In experiment II, optimization of the level of ferrous sulphate at 2, 3, and 4% was used along with 15% henna dye. Based on the results, it was concluded that 15% of henna dye along with 3% of ferrous sulphate gave better results on silk fibre.