Comparative genomics illuminates karyotype and sex chromosome evolution of sharks

被引：2
|
作者：
Wu, Jiahong [1 ]
Liu, Fujiang [2 ]
Jiao, Jie [1 ]
Luo, Haoran [1 ,3 ]
Fan, Shiyu [1 ]
Liu, Jiao [1 ]
Wang, Hongxiang [1 ]
Cui, Ning [1 ]
Zhao, Ning [1 ,4 ]
Qu, Qingming [2 ]
Kuraku, Shigehiro [5 ,6 ]
Huang, Zhen [7 ]
Xu, Luohao [1 ]
机构：
[1] Southwest Univ, Sch Life Sci, Integrat Sci Ctr Germplasm Creat Western China Cho, MOE Key Lab Freshwater Fish Reprod & Dev, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China
[2] Xiamen Univ, Sch Life Sci, State Key Lab Cellular Stress Biol, Xiamen, Peoples R China
[3] Xiamen Univ, Coll Environm & Ecol, Key Lab Minist Educ Coastal & Wetland Ecosyst, Xiamen 361102, Peoples R China
[4] Yangzhou Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Key Lab Anim Genet & Breeding & Mol Design Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China
[5] Natl Inst Genet, Dept Genom & Evolutionary Biol, Mol Life Hist Lab, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
[6] Sokendai Grad Univ Adv Studies, Dept Genet, Mishima, Japan
[7] Fujian Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Fujian Macao Sci & Technol Cooperat Base Tradit Ch, Innovat & Transformat Ctr, Fuzhou 350108, Peoples R China
来源：
CELL GENOMICS | 2024年 / 4卷 / 08期
基金：
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词：
DOSAGE COMPENSATION; UNIQUE INSIGHTS; Y-CHROMOSOME; ALIGNMENT; PROVIDES; GENES;
D O I：
10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100607
中图分类号：
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号：
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要：
Chondrichthyes is an important lineage to reconstruct the evolutionary history of vertebrates. Here, we analyzed genome synteny for six chondrichthyan chromosome-level genomes. Our comparative analysis reveals a slow evolutionary rate of chromosomal changes, with infrequent but independent fusions observed in sharks, skates, and chimaeras. The chondrichthyan common ancestor had a proto-vertebrate-like karyotype, including the presence of 18 microchromosome pairs. The X chromosome is a conversed microchromosome shared by all sharks, suggesting a likely common origin of the sex chromosome at least 181 million years ago. We characterized the Y chromosomes of two sharks that are highly differentiated from the X except for a small young evolutionary stratum and a small pseudoautosomal region. We found that shark sex chromosomes lack global dosage compensation but that dosage-sensitive genes are locally compensated. Our study on shark chromosome evolution enhances our understanding of shark sex chromosomes and vertebrate chromosome evolution.
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页数：16
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