Optimization of Free-Floating Bike Sharing Systems: Considerations in Recovery of Damaged Bicycles

The rapid development of free-floating bike sharing (FFBS) has greatly facilitated residents' short-distance travel, which has significantly alleviated urban traffic pressure and promoted low-carbon travel. In view of the problems such as difficulties in bike rental or damaged bicycles in actual operation, we studied the multi depot static bike rebalancing problem with time windows considering the recovery of defective bikes (MDSBRPTWRDB), a mathematical model where the objectives are to minimize the redistribution costs, and maximize the customer satisfaction was established. We designed a hybrid algorithm combined with the simulated annealing algorithm and genetic algorithm using a simulation instance of free-floating bike sharing system. We demonstrate that the mathematical model and heuristic algorithm is practical and effective.