Graphene (GNP) reinforced 3D printing nanocomposites: An advanced structural perspective

The influence of macro -micro structural design on the mechanical response of structural nanocomposites is substantial. The advancement of additive manufacturing especially threedimensional (3-D) printing technology offers a promising avenue for the efficient and precise fabrication of multi -functional low -weight and high -strength nanocomposites. In contemporary discourse, there is a notable emphasis on carbon -based nanomaterials as nanofillers for structural composites due to their substantial specific surface area and exceptional load -bearing ability in mechanical structures. Notably, graphene, a distinctive two-dimensional (2-D) nanomaterial, exhibits very large elastic modulus and ultimate strength as well as remarkable plasticity. The utilization of graphene nanoparticles (GNPs) in the field of 3-D printing enables the production of intricate three-dimensional structures of varying sizes and configurations. This is achieved through the macro -assembly process, which facilitates the creation of a well -organized distribution of graphene and the establishment of a comprehensive physical network through precise micro -regulation. This paper presents an overview of multiscale structural composites that are strengthened by the incorporation of graphene and prepared by 3-D printing. The composites discussed in this study encompass graphene-polymer composites, graphene-ceramic composites, and graphene-metal composites. Furthermore, an analysis of the present obstacles and potential future advancements in this rapidly expanding domain is anticipated.