Coronary Calcium Is Elevated in Patients with Myocardial Infarction without Standard Modifiable Risk Factors

被引:0
|
作者
Anderson, Jeffrey L. [1 ,2 ]
Knight, Stacey [1 ,2 ]
Dong, Li [1 ]
May, Heidi T. [1 ]
Le, Viet T. [1 ,3 ]
Bair, Tami L. [1 ]
Knowlton, Kirk U. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Intermt Med Ctr Heart Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84107 USA
[2] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
[3] Rocky Mt Univ Hlth Profess, Provo, UT 84606 USA
关键词
coronary artery calcium; myocardial infarction; risk factors; statin; ARTERY CALCIUM; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; PRIMARY PREVENTION; SCORE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PREDICTION; MESA;
D O I
10.3390/jcm13092569
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Objectives: Recent reports have highlighted myocardial infarction (MI) patients without standard modifiable risk factors (SMRF), noting them to be surprisingly common and to have a substantial risk of adverse outcomes. The objective of this study was to address the challenge of identifying at-risk patients without SMRF and providing preventive therapy. Methods: Patients presenting between 2001 and 2021 to Intermountain Health catheterization laboratories with a diagnosis of MI were included if they also had a coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan by computed tomography within 2 years. SMRF were defined as a clinical diagnosis or treatment of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, or smoking. The co-primary endpoints in SMRF-less patients were: (1) proportion of patients with an elevated (>50%ile) CAC score, and (2) an indication for statin therapy (i.e., CAC >= 100 AU or >= 75%ile). The 60-day and long-term major adverse cardiovascular events were determined. A comparison set included MI patients with SMRF. Results: We identified 429 MI patients with a concurrent CAC scan, of which 60 had no SMRF. SMRF status did not distinguish most risk factors or interventions. No-SMRF patients had a high CAC prevalence and percentile (82% >= 50%ile; median, 80%ile), and 77% met criteria for preventive therapy. As expected, patients with SMRF had high CAC scores and percentiles. Outcomes were more favorable for No-SMRF status and for lower CAC scores. Conclusions: Patients without SMRF presenting with an MI have a high prevalence and percentile of CAC. Wider application of CAC scans, including in those without SMRF, is promising as a method to identify an additional at-risk population for MI and to provide primary preventive therapy.
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页数:11
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