Estimating the cost and affordability of healthy diets: How much do methods matter?

被引:1
|
作者
Headey, Derek [1 ]
Hirvonen, Kalle [1 ,2 ]
Alderman, Harold [1 ]
机构
[1] Int Food Policy Res Inst IFPRI, Washington, DC 20005 USA
[2] United Nations Univ, World Inst Dev Econ Res UNU WIDER, Helsinki, Finland
关键词
Food prices; Healthy diets; Nutrition; Poverty; International Comparison Program (ICP); ENERGY DENSITY; POVERTY; OBESITY;
D O I
10.1016/j.foodpol.2024.102654
中图分类号
F3 [农业经济];
学科分类号
0202 ; 020205 ; 1203 ;
摘要
Recently developed cost and affordability of healthy diet (CoAHD) metrics have quickly become mainstream food security indicators. However, published research on the sensitivity of estimation methods is limited. This paper focuses on two important innovations in CoAHD measurement at the global level. First, we develop a demographic scaling factor to adjust healthy diet costs for cross-country differences in age structures, since younger populations generally require fewer calories than older populations. Second, we improve the way in which household expenditure available for purchasing food ("food budgets") are derived. In addition, we explore sensitivity of global CoAHD estimates to potential problems with the representativeness and food product coverage of global food price data and vary assumptions for activity levels that shape energy expenditure requirements. We apply these explorations to the EAT-Lancet reference diet in 137 countries using price data from 2017. Relative to the conventional methods, we find that demographic scaling and improved food budget derivation substantially reduces the estimated population who cannot afford a healthy diet, from 3.02 to 2.13 billion. Adjustments for low product coverage can lead to modest reductions for specific regions and food groups, while higher physical activity assumptions increase the share of people who cannot afford a healthy diet, though perhaps implausibly so. Methods clearly matter in CoAHD estimation, and more accurate and timelier CoAHD estimates have substantial scope to improve policy analysis, design and targeting.
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页数:13
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