Energy efficient electron acceleration using optimized Sinh-Gaussian laser beam in vacuum

Particle accelerators play a crucial role in modern scientific research, facilitating progress in diverse areas such as fundamental physics and medical treatments. In this study, an intense Sinh-Gaussian laser pulse propagating through vacuum is investigated. Various laser pulse parameters like laser intensity, decentered parameter, and laser beam radius and their impact on electron acceleration is investigated. Our research outcomes show that electron energy gain increases significantly with laser beam intensity and decentered parameter but decreases with laser beam radius. By using suitable parameters, electrons of a maximum of 1.21 GeV energy are obtained in this study. The investigation of energy efficient direct electron acceleration presents the opportunity to explore hitherto unexplored areas of scientific inquiry and technological progress.