ATP6V1A is required for synaptic rearrangements and plasticity in murine hippocampal neurons

AimUnderstanding the physiological role of ATP6V1A, a component of the cytosolic V1 domain of the proton pump vacuolar ATPase, in regulating neuronal development and function.MethodsModeling loss of function of Atp6v1a in primary murine hippocampal neurons and studying neuronal morphology and function by immunoimaging, electrophysiological recordings and electron microscopy.ResultsAtp6v1a depletion affects neurite elongation, stabilization, and function of excitatory synapses and prevents synaptic rearrangement upon induction of plasticity. These phenotypes are due to an overall decreased expression of the V1 subunits, that leads to impairment of lysosomal pH-regulation and autophagy progression with accumulation of aberrant lysosomes at neuronal soma and of enlarged vacuoles at synaptic boutons.ConclusionsThese data suggest a physiological role of ATP6V1A in the surveillance of synaptic integrity and plasticity and highlight the pathophysiological significance of ATP6V1A loss in the alteration of synaptic function that is associated with neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. The data further support the pivotal involvement of lysosomal function and autophagy flux in maintaining proper synaptic connectivity and adaptive neuronal properties.