Measurement and analysis of V2V channel with vehicle obstruction in rectangular tunnels

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication is an important component of the intelligent transportation system (ITS), and tunnel is an essential application scenario of ITS. Considering the reflection of microwaves by tunnel walls, the diffraction by vehicles, and the dense and complex layout of the tunnel ancillary facilities, it is of great significance to investigate the propagation characteristics of V2V channel in tunnel scenarios. In this study, the V2V channel was measured by means of a broadband channel sounder in the tunnel environment. The carrier frequency and bandwidth were 5.2 GHz and 120 MHz respectively. Regarding to different situations, the measurement was divided into three types: line-of-sight (LOS), obstructed line-of-sight (OLOS), and non-line-of-sight (NLOS). Based on the measured data, the path loss models and received signal amplitude fading distributions were established for different scenarios, so as to analyze the channel fading characteristics. Results show that the path loss index and shadow fading in NLOS were larger than those in LOS and OLOS. There were no significant changes in shadow fading between LOS and OLOS. The amplitude fading of the received signal in both LOS and OLOS scenarios followed the Rice distribution, and that in the NLOS scenario followed the Rayleigh distribution. The root-mean-squared delay spread conformed to the log-normal distribution in all the three scenarios. The shadow fading and time-domain dispersion were larger in NLOS. The K factor decreased with increasing distance, indicating that the K factor is dependent on the distance. Copyright ©2022 Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology.All rights reserved.