Enhancing photocatalytic efficiency and durability: Ag-modified CNS-TiO2 thin films for sustainable industrial wastewater treatment

This study explores a novel approach to address the persistent challenges encountered in recovering powder catalysts and achieving superior photocatalytic performance tailored for environmental remediation and industrial wastewater (IE) treatment. Isopropyl alcohol (IPA), chosen as the solvent through Liyanage classical equations and zeta potential measurements (-33.6 mV), sets the stage for investigating the critical role of the surfactant (PVP) and binder (SiO2) in optimizing colloidal stability, thin-film coating, and photocatalytic activity. Meticulous experimentation reveals a synergistic 10:1 g/L ratio of PVP and SiO2 solutions as the key to achieving a delicate balance in enhancing colloidal stability, facilitating thin-film coating, and optimizing photocatalytic kinetics (84 +/- 3%, k = 0.0303 +/- 0.002 min -1). Additionally, the study emphasizes the need for a holistic optimization approach, highlighting colloidal stability and film adhesion to unlock the full potential of these advanced photocatalytic materials in engineering applications.