Distribution Path Optimization of Electric Vehicles Considering Charging and Discharging Strategy in Smart Grid

In view of the phenomenon that more and more companies use electric vehicles (EVs) to distribute cargo in urban areas, this paper presented an optimized EV distribution method with the time window by considering the intelligent charging strategy in the smart grid. The EVs can either charge or discharge when connecting to the smart grid through the vehicle to grid (V2G) system. The V2G mode provides a more flexible way for EVs to operate. It can help EVs to increase efficiency and lower the cost at the same time. Based on the recharge and vehicle routing problem, this paper proposed a nonlinear integer programming model, considered the charging and discharging decisions of EVs, and proposed an improved genetic algorithm. Finally, 25 cases were designed to verify the feasibility of the algorithm. The simulation result shows that the iterative efficiency of the improved genetic algorithm (GA) is higher than other algorithms and the quality of the optimal solution is improved by 47%. © 2021, Editorial Department, Journal of South China University of Technology. All right reserved.