Experimental investigations of residual stresses in thick high-strength steel plates

Residual stresses strongly influence the load-bearing capacity of steel members under compressive axial loads. Current developments in steel and steel-concrete composite structures imply the use of high-strength steel grades up to 960 MPa. For such steel plates, only limited results of residual stress investigations are known so far. The authors have applied two established measuring methodologies like the sectioning method and X-ray diffraction to determine the residual stress state of 40 mm thick steel plates and different widths. The results show that the distribution and amount of longitudinal residual stresses are mainly determined by the oxyfuel-cutting procedure used to manufacture the specimens. The distribution over the thickness could be determined by X-ray diffraction. Compared to the results of examinations on lower-grade steel plates an assumed correlation of residual stresses and steel grades could not be observed. Consequently, residual stresses have a reduced influence on the load-bearing capacities of structures prone to buckling as the ratio of yield strength to residual stress states declines significantly. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Ernst & Sohn GmbH.