A critical feminist study of mothers raising a child on the autism spectrum in Iran

This research explores the experiences of mothers raising autistic children in Iran through a critical feminist lens. We aimed to probe deeply not only into gender dynamics but also to explore how intersecting factors, including systemic issues, class, and social structure, interact to shape the challenges and experiences of these women. A reflective thematic analysis was conducted, involving a final participant group of 10 mothers. Upon analyzing the results, two prominent themes were constructed: the first theme, titled ‘In Interaction with the World Outside,’ focuses on the experiences of mothers as they interact with others and society. The second theme, named ‘In Interaction with the Self,’ explores the personal journeys and introspective experiences of mothers about themselves. Our findings illuminate the experiences of mothers who, despite being affected by systemic issues, social institutions, patriarchy, and gender inequality, actively challenge these forces and demonstrate their determination to secure the best possible future for their children. This highlights the urgent need for a more inclusive and supportive society that recognizes their agency, prioritizes gender equality, and empowers them to navigate the complexities of raising a child on the autism spectrum.