Intelligent decision-making framework for agriculture supply chain in emerging economies: Research opportunities and challenges

In emerging economies such as India, Pakistan, and China, the Agricultural Supply Chain (ASC) holds significant importance. While developed countries have embraced advanced technologies like Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence to streamline their supply chains, we find that emerging economies have yet to catch up. This lag contributes to poor visibility and inefficiencies across the supply chain, leaving farmers facing challenges in postharvest activities and market participation. To shed light on these issues, we conducted an extensive literature review, utilizing sources from Scopus and Web of Science. Our goal is to identify key challenges, such as the lack of post-harvest infrastructure and the urgent need for better market information systems for farmers. To tackle these shortcomings, we propose to develop an intelligent decision-making framework designed to enhance supply chain visibility and empower farmers in post-harvest activities. Our intended findings offer critical insights for a broad range of stakeholders, from farmers to policymakers, and aim to lay the groundwork for future research in this vital area.