Influence of the suspension gap on the wake characteristics of a 600 km/h superconducting maglev train

Although the suspension gap between a maglev train and its track is narrow, it has a significant impact on the aerodynamic performance of the train. This study investigated the effect of the suspension gap on the wake flow of a superconducting maglev train traveling at a speed of 600 km/h by comparing the aerodynamics and flow field structure of a tail car (TC) with suspension gaps of 8, 10, 12, and 14 cm. The results showed that with increasing suspension gap, the vortex structures in the wake region move closer to the TC, the airflow from the suspension gap inhibits the high-pressure region of the wake, and the pressure and velocity fluctuations significantly increase near the nose tip of the TC. Moreover, the suspension gap was found to have a significant impact on lift and almost no effect on drag. Increasing the suspension gap leads to a balance in the lift between the head car (HC) and the TC; as the gap continues to increase, the lift ratio of the HC and TC rapidly decreases.