Grid-Based Localization Mechanism with Mobile Reference Node in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks(WSNs) are based on monitoring or managing the sensing area by using the location information with sensor nodes. Most sensor nodes require hardware support or receive packets with location information to estimate their locations, which needs lots of time or costs. In this paper we proposed a localization mechanism using a mobile reference node(MRN) and trilateration in WSNs to reduce the energy consumption and location error. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed mechanism can obtain more unknown nodes locations by the mobile reference node moving scheme and will decreases the energy consumption and average location error.