The Connection between Research and Policy Advocacy in the United States: A Qualitative Study

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore use of research and evidence by advocates for health related policy change. Methods: Interview questions were developed to capture aspects of research and evidence use in advocacy. A total of 76 state-level advocates were interviewed by telephone, and data were analyzed using a qualitative, focused coding approach. Results: Most advocates did not have professional policy or advocacy training. Advocates reinforced the need for understandable, timely, concise, and locally relevant research information. Relationships with policymakers were an important aspect of advocacy. Politics was mentioned as a barrier to advocacy efforts. Conclusions: Continuing education programs on policy or advocacy basics may improve advocates' ability to communicate effectively with policymakers. Training researchers on dissemination aside from academic papers is needed.