Genetic variation in adiponectin, leptin and leptin receptors with reference to risk of breast cancer in Northeast obese women in India

Adiponectin and leptin are adipose tissue derived hormones, adiponectin properties are anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-diabetic, and plays an important role in the development and progression of various cancers, especially obesity-related cancers. Studies show the SNPs in adiponectin is cause of SNPs in insulin resistance, type2 diabetes and breast cancer. Leptin is an obesity mediator; leptin and its receptor are overexpressed in breast cancer, especially in high grade tumors. The aim of this study is to estimate the allele polymorphisms of adiponectin, leptin, leptin receptor in a population of northeast India and investigate the role of those polymorphisms that increase risk of breast cancer. The study type is a case-control. 205 patients with positive breast cancer as cases group and 205 people as controls group were determined genotyping by using PCR-RFLP. Comparing cases and controls, there is positive association between adiponectin SNPs (276G/T, 45T/G) and leptin SNP and Breast cancer (P = 0.04, OR = 1.64, 95% Cl = 1.00 - 2.62), (P = 0.05, OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 0.96 - 3.17) & (P = 0.04, OR = 1.44, 95% Cl = 0.98 - 2.13). But there is no evidence for a strong association between leptin receptor SNPs (109A/G, 223A/G) and breast cancer (P = 0.87, OR = 1.05, 95% Cl = 0.43 - 2.91), (P = 0.31, OR = 0.56, 95% Cl = 0.17 - 1.83). The results of this study indicate that the polymorphisms in the adiponectin and leptin may be a risk factor for breast cancer.