Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: To assess the maternal and neonatal outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus. Method: This hospital based study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology CMH Malir Karachi from 1st Nov 2007 to 31 Oct 2008. A total of 30 patients diagnosed as having GDM were selected for this study. The data on maternal and neonatal outcomes were collected and analyzed. Results: Over all complication rate observed in our study is 36.7%, both minor and major complications. Minor complications (50%) were classified as liquor problems (oligo and polyhydramnios), interventional deliveries, neonatal hypoglycaemia, hyperbiluribenemia and macrosomia. Major complications (36.7%) observed were abortions, IUGR (intrauterine growth retardation), IUD (intrauterine death), CPD (cephalopelvic disproportion), ectopic pregnancy, neonatal death, malformations and termination of pregnancy due to anomalies. Conclusion: It is essential for care to be provided during these pregnancies with pre-pregnancy counseling on preconception glycemic control and to reduce the risk of congenital malformations and stillbirths. Strict antenatal care must include monitoring the mother for diabetic complications to reduce the risk of other maternal and fetal complications.