US wine industry: following the Oregon trail

The US wine industry is frequently thought to be California - an undoubted success story. However, three other regions - New York, Washington State and Oregon - have wine industries facing mixed fortunes. This paper reviews the progress of each, demonstrating how the triple helix model identifies key relationship advantages and problems that explain performance rather better than natural advantages or market conditions. The paper reviews the mixed fortunes of these regions in the US with winemaking in other parts of the world, suggesting that institutions, rather than any other factor, explain differences in performance.