Educational Gap Brain tumors are the most common solid tumor of childhood and the No. 1 cause of death among all childhood cancers. The pediatrician is pivotal in both the diagnosis and long-term management of brain tumors. A lack of awareness of the clinical signs and symptoms of brain tumors may delay diagnosis and worsen patient outcomes. Objectives After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1. Recognize the presenting signs of brain tumor (eg, headache, deteriorating school performance, ataxia, emesis). 2. Recognize the signs and symptoms of craniopharyngioma.