Transport and Territorial Development. The study of the effects associated with the introduction of high-speed rail through the Spanish case

The introduction of the high-speed train (HST) usually generates great expectations for socio-economic development in the territory in which it is projected. In reality, however, many of these expectations are never fulfilled, or if they are, the associated changes tend to occur more slowly and to be less intense than expected. The new infrastructure favors, rather than directly causes, economic and social development and spatial change. In fact, the HST fits into a complex system of spatial relations and must therefore be studied as such. This article highlights the impact of the introduction and entry into service of the HST and provides guidelines for developing methodologies and carrying out more complex and systemic studies of these phenomena. It uses the introduction of the HST in Spain as an example, focusing on the results of our own research and also citing other relevant academic sources. Adopting a systemic approach to this subject provides us with a better understanding of all the spatial and socio-economic transformations involved in this process. It also enables us to evaluate the strategies employed by the different territorial agents.