Development of methods of production in natural aromatic production

Introduction. The analytical and experimental researches on methods of natural aroma sources separation with obtaining individual flavoring substances were conducted. Advantages of fractional distillation and preparative chromatography were demonstrated. Materials and methods. The essential oils of Moldavian dragonhead and lemon, the model matrix (a blender of terpene hydrocarbons and their oxigen-containing derivants of both known and unknown composition) were studied. The methodologies of gas chromatographic analysis were used. The separate fractions of aimed aromatic components were obtained using preparative chromatography. Results and discussion. The vacuum separation of essential oils into fractions under the set control regimes of temperature of the still and knob,degrees C, respectively on the levels: the first fraction 67-69, 18-24; the second fraction - 112-118, 25-30; the third fraction - 130-135, 32-39; pressure value, kPa for fractions: the first -0,92, the second - 0,62, the third - 0,33; reflux ratio for fractions: the first - 7:1, the second - 10:1, the third - 5:1 allows obtain fractions of different aroma, that significantly widens assortment of natural sources of aroma. Besides, with fractional distillation deterpenization is conducted; using it out of an essential oil the components, that discernibly worsen organoleptic properties, are separated. The deterpenization regime of lemon essential oil temperature of the still and knob,degrees C, respectively 67-70, 17-19; pressure -2,64 kPa, reflux ratio - 1:3. In order to extract essential oils preparative chromatography with development of the special column was used; a solid carrier Chromosomorb A and a stationary phase PEG-6000 were selected. The terms of preparative separation on a column filled with with a stationary phase, In order to extract essential oils fractions in the individual mode by the method od of preparative chromatography, a special column with a number of plates 600 was developed, which makes it possible to simulate the fractionation process on the razor column of a rectification unit. During the research, a solid carrier, The effective regimes of the process were established experimentally: the carrier gas flow rate, sm(3)/min - 85-90; sample value - 0,8-1,0 CM3, temperature value, degrees C: evaporator - 180-250, column thermostat - 120-200, detector - 220-250, fraction collector - 180-250. Conclusion. The vacuum fractioning of essential oils allows obtaining separate fractions of different aroma. Further preparative separation of fractions provides obtaining individual flavoring substances of pure composition.