Various social, national and international aspects of intellectual property rights are described. The impact of the Indian Patents Act 1970, on the Indian Chemical Industry is evaluated. It is observed that the Indian Patents Law relevant to the chemical industry have not been fully effective in spite of being extremely benevolent to the creation of Indian intellectual property and also being fair for an international corporate inventor. The future perspectives in the Indian Patents Law and the Indian Chemical Industry are discussed under the three interconnected sections on (i) nature of technologies and industry, (ii) nature of global political and economic climate, and (iii) possible changes in the patent laws.