SCREENING OF TOMATO SOMACLONES FOR RESISTANCE TO BACTERIAL CANKER (CLAVIBACTER-MICHIGANENSIS SUBSP MICHIGANENSIS)

To facilitate testing large numbers of tomato somaclones for resistance to bacterial canker, a fast screening procedure was developed. Two inoculation methods were investigated, i.e. excision with an infected scalpel of I) one cotyledon of 2-week-old seedlings, and II) the first true leaf of 3-week-old seedlings, followed by applying a drop of inoculum on the wound. Inoculation by method II discriminated well between populations of partially resistant and susceptible tomato genotypes. A criterion for the selection of single, putatively resistant plants, based on rating scores of the severity of wilting symptoms, was proposed and tested with plants of a Lycopersicon peruvianum accession with a relatively high level of resistance to bacterial canker. Progenies of 279 somaclones, derived from tissue explants of the susceptible tomato cultivar 'Moneymaker', were evaluated for resistance. The presence of somaclonal variation for morphological characters in these populations was previously shown. However, no differences were detected between the somaclone population and controls in either mean susceptibility or distribution of plants over disease severity categories. Moreover, plants with major increases in resistance were not detected. These results suggest that the potential of somaclonal variation as a source of resistance to bacterial canker may be limited.