Current Treatment Modalities in Advanced Melanoma

Melanoma contributes the majority of skin cancer related deaths and shows an increasing incidence in the past years. Despite all efforts of early diagnosis, metastatic melanoma still has a poor prognosis and remains a challenge for physicians to treat. In recent years, improved knowledge of the pathophysiology and a better understanding of the role of the immune system in tumour control have led to the development and approval of several immunotherapies and targeted therapies. The introduction and Food and Drug Administration approval of immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies and targeted therapies has dramatically improved the clinical outcomes for patients with advanced melanoma. In this review, results of these recently developed and approved therapies for metastatic melanoma were presented.