ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENTS IN THE GRAPE SKINS OF SEVERAL RED VITIS-VINIFERA CULTIVARS BRED IN JAPAN

The anthocyanin pigments of red grapes Vitis vinifera cultivars, 'Kaiji', 'Sekirei', 'Morgenshon', 'Mario' and 'Unicorn' were examined by thin-layer chromatography and reflection densitometry. Seven spots were separated, and they were identified to pigments by Rf values, molybdate shift and color reactions, except for one unidentified spot. In 'Kaiji', the pigments in decreasing order of concentration, were cyanidin-3-monoglucoside (92%), delphinidin-3-monoglucoside (8%), and traces of peonidin-3-monoglucoside and an unidentified pigment. 'Ruby Okuyama', 'Morgenshon' and 'Sekirei' had constitutions similar to 'Kaiji'. Pigments of 'Rizamat', 'Mario' and 'Unicorn', in decreasing order of concentration, were malvidin-, cyaniden-, petunidin-, delphinidin- and peonidin-3-monoglucosides, 'Mario' lacking peonidin-3-monoglucoside. In 'Kaiji', the aglycones were cyanidin (92%) and delphinidin (8%). In 'Ruby Okuyama' and 'Morgenshon', the aglycones were in about the same order, and plus petunidin in 'Sekirei'. 'Rizamat' and 'Unicorn' contained five aglycones, in decreasing order of concentration, malvidin, cyanidin, petunidin, delphinidin and peonidin, and peonidin was absent in 'Mario'.