IMPACT OF DIABETES ON EARLY COMPLICATIONS IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME PATIENTS

Objective: To compare in-hospital complications among diabetics and nondiabetics presenting with acute coronary syndrome. Methodology: This cross-sectional survey was conducted at Department of Cardiology, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore from January 2014 to July 2014. Patients with ACS were enrolled in the study through, non probability, purposive sampling technique. Patients were followed over the period of their hospital stay. ACS included unstable angina, ST elevation and non ST elevation myocardial infarction while in-hospital complications included left ventricular failure, cardiogenic shock and death. The frequency of diabetes in patients with ACS was determined and complications were compared in diabetics and non-diabetics. Chi-square test was used for analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 200 patients with mean age of 54.6 +/- 9.5 years were included. Of them 146 (73%) were males. Diabetic patients were 97 (48.5%), 32 (16%) patients developed left ventricular failure, 16 (8%) patients developed cardiogenic shock, 18 (9%) patients died during the stay in the hospital among the sampled population. Cardiogenic shock was found equally in diabetics and non-diabetics while frequency of left ventricular failure and mortality was significantly higher in diabetics (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Development of left ventricular failure and mortality is higher in diabetic patients but development of cardiogenic shock is equally distributed among diabetic and non-diabetics presenting with acute coronary syndrome.