Diagnostic accuracy of Raman spectroscopy in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Background Raman spectroscopy (RS) has shown great potential in the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Although many single-central original studies have been carried out, it is difficult to use RS in real clinical settings based on the current limited evidence. Herein, we conducted this meta-analysis of diagnostic studies to evaluate the overall performance of RS in OSCC diagnosis. Methods We systematically searched databases including Medline, Embase, and Web of Science for studies up to March 2022 with no start date limited. Data of true positives, true negatives, false positives, and false negatives were extracted from the included studies to calculate the pooled sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative likelihood ratios (LRs), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) with 95% confidence intervals, then we plotted the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC) to evaluate the overall performance of RS. Quality assessments and publication bias were evaluated by Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2) checklist in Review Manager 5.3. The statistical parameters were calculated with StataSE version 12 and MetaDiSc 1.4. Results In total, 13 studies were included in our meta-analysis. The pooled diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of RS in OSCC were 0.89 (95% CI, 0.85-0.92) and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.78-0.89). The AUC of SROC curve was 0.93 (95% CI, 0.91-0.95). Conclusions RS is a non-invasive diagnostic technology with high specificity and sensitivity for detecting OSCC and has the potential to be applied clinically.