Introductions: The aging process implies a series of changes that directly affect the nutritional status of the elderly population, which is vulnerable to an elevated risk of nutritional deficiencies. Objective: Was to analyze the factors that affect the nutritional status of the elderly. Methodology: A non-systematic documentary review was made in which a search was made in the databases of documents related to the nutritional status of the elderly as a child Scielo, Ebrary, Redalyc, Renata and Elsevier, which were selected and verified in the descriptors of health and that contributed to the bibliometric study. Results: Of the nutritional status in the elderly, several significant factors were found, which show that the elderly are being affected by various nutritional risks that affect their health directly and indirectly. Conclusion: The predisposing factors that affect the nutritional status of older adults are the biological, psychological, social, economic and environmental factors.