Steam generator reliability - Implications for APWR codes end standards

Faults with steam generators have had a significant impact on the generating capacity of nuclear power stations worldwide. The assumption that the service life of steam generators would be similar to that of the other plant is no longer held to be true. This paper identifies failure modes experienced by steam generators and associated systems, and describes options for remedial action. Experience of steam generator repairs and replacements ave reported, from which issues relevant for any codes and standards for APWR designs for the UK are identified.