INTERNALIZING EXTERNAL COSTS OF POWER-SUPPLY AS EXPLAINED BY THE EXAMPLE OF NUCLEAR-POWER (ACCIDENT COST ESTIMATE)

Next of the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, the ''negative external effects'' of power supply are currently among the most important topics of the discussion about energy and environmental policies. The term is used to describe the negative impacts caused by the extraction, production, conversion, and use of sources of energy upon the life and property of third parties not directly involved in these processes, as well as of the general public, especially in the form of damage to the environment of to health, for which the ''polluter'' in the broader sense of the term (utility, consumer) is not required to assume responsibility. If these impacts are assigned DM-levels, i. e. if they are expressed in monetary terms, they are called ''external costs'', while their inclusion in economic calculations and arrangements made by the polluters, above all in prices, is referred to as ''internalization''.