An Efficient Algorithm for Load Balancing in Multiprocessor Systems

A multiprocessor system is a computer with two or more central processing units (CPUs) with each one sharing the common main memory as well as the peripherals. Multiprocessor system is either homogeneous or heterogeneous system. A homogeneous system is a cluster of processors joined to a high speed network for accomplishing the required task; also it is defined as parallel computing system. Homogeneous is a technique of parallel computing system. A heterogeneous system can be defined as the interconnection of a number of processors, having dissimilar computational speed. Load balance is a method of distributing work between the processors fairly in order to get optimal response time, resource utilization, and throughput. Load balancing is either static or dynamic. In static load balancing, work is distributed among all processors before the execution of the algorithm. In dynamic load balancing, work is distributed among all processors during execution of the algorithm. So problems arise when it cannot statistically divide the tasks among the processors. To use multiprocessor systems efficiently, several load balancing algorithms have been adopted widely. This paper proposes an efficient load balance algorithm which addresses common overheads that may decrease the efficiency of a multiprocessor system. Such overheads are synchronization, data communication, response time, and throughput.